6 Levels of Nursing: A Beginner’s Guide to Nursing Ranks
1. Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA)
CNAs help patients with daily tasks such as bathing, eating, and mobility, and assist nurses by taking vital signs like blood pressure and temperature. To become a CNA, you’ll need a high school diploma or GED followed by a state-approved training program, which typically lasts 6 to 12 weeks. Some programs may extend up to six months depending on your location and curriculum.
📍 Learn more from the National Network of Career Nursing Assistants.
2. Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse (LPN/LVN)
LPNs (or LVNs in California and Texas) provide basic medical care such as wound dressing, assisting with hygiene, and monitoring patients. After completing a state-approved practical nursing program, candidates must pass the NCLEX-PN exam. Many LPNs gain experience in long-term care or outpatient settings before pursuing further credentials.
📍 Explore accredited LPN programs through PracticalNursing.org.
3. Registered Nurse (RN)
RNs coordinate patient care, administer medications, educate patients, and sometimes supervise other healthcare staff. You can become an RN by earning an Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) or a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) and passing the NCLEX-RN. Many hospitals now prefer or require BSN-prepared nurses due to expanded skill sets and leadership potential.
📍 Compare ADN vs. BSN programs via Nursing.org.
4. Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN)
APRNs are RNs with advanced degrees and greater responsibility. Roles include Nurse Practitioners (NPs), Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNSs), Certified Nurse-Midwives (CNMs), and Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs). Most hold a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN), although some pursue a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP). APRNs often diagnose illnesses, prescribe medications, and practice independently in many states.
📍 Visit American Association of Nurse Practitioners for career paths and licensure details.
5. Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
The DNP is a terminal degree designed for nurses aiming to lead in clinical settings, healthcare policy, or organizational management. These programs build on MSN-level training and typically take 2 to 4 years depending on whether you enter with a BSN or MSN. DNPs often work in executive roles, manage complex patient populations, or contribute to nursing education and innovation.
📍 Learn more from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing.
6. Chief Nursing Officer (CNO)
A CNO is a top-level executive who oversees all nursing operations within a healthcare organization. This role demands strong leadership skills, clinical expertise, and often an MSN or DNP, along with business or health administration knowledge. Many CNOs rise through the ranks from unit manager or director roles, gaining leadership experience along the way.
📍 For professional development and networking, visit the American Organization for Nursing Leadership (AONL).
No matter where you start—or where you hope to go—there’s a nursing path that fits your goals. Whether you're pursuing agency work, bedside care, or leadership in healthcare systems, GoodWork offers free CEUs, a supportive community, and job opportunities to help advance your nursing career.